1. Install Docker

First, we need to install Docker Engine according to the instructions on the official website. Then, for convenience, we can do the following to avoid typing ‘sudo’ each time.

cat /etc/group | grep docker
sudo groupadd docker    # if no output
sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker
sudo service docker restart
newgrp - docker

2. Image Command

2.1 search

We can search Docker Hub to find docker images that we want. Alternatively, we can use the command ‘search’ to print a list of images based on arguments.

docker search image-name
docker pull image-name [:tag]      # specified version

2.2 delete

To delete images, we can use the command ‘rmi’

docker rmi -f image1-id image2-id ...
docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)     # delete all images

3. Container Command

3.1 pull and run

Docker container is a running instance of a docker image. Here are the basic commands.

docker pull ubuntu:18.04
docker run -it ubuntu:18.04 /bin/bash   # interaction mode
exit        # stop and exit
ctrl+p+q    # stop but still running

3.2 ps

list all of the running containers

docker ps -aq      # show all and history containers with id only

3.3 remove

remove docker container

docker rm container-id
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)      # force to remove all of the running containers
docker ps -aq|xargs docker rm      # another way to remove

3.4 start and stop

start and stop the container

docker start container-id
docker restart container-id
docker stop container-id
docker kill container-id   # force to stop

3.5 others

other command

docker run -d image-name    # run in background, which requires foreground process
docker logs -tf --tail num container-id
docker top container-id
docker inspect container-id

3.6 exec && cp

enter the running container

docker exec -it container-id /bin/bash  # create new terminal, recommend!!!
docker attach container-id              # continue last terminal
docker cp container-id:path host-path

4 DockerFile

4.1 Instance

FROM ubuntu:18.04

4.2 Build

docker build -t image-name[:tag] .

4.3 Test

docker run -it image-name[:tag]

4.4 History

docker history image-id

Docker Engine